Week+One+Rowe+and+Levine+chapters+1,2+and+3

=Week One: Chapters 1, 2, and 3 by Marym Ballout=

Phonological System (Chapter 1)
"Of a language is the grammar (pattern) of sounds of that language. Is a pattern of grammar sounds of a language. Text-to-self: When learning new vocabulary words in school, we would compare how they relate to the other words we had previously learned, comparing them by the sound.

Semantics (Chapter 1)
"Is the study of the rules of meaning, the systems by which we derive meaning from a message" Is the study of meaning. Text-to-self: When given vocabulary words, the teacher would allow us to guess what we think the word meant. When we heard the word, we would write down the first thing that came to our mind, in which our minds were creating a meaning to the word.



Delivery System of Language (Chapter 1)
"Is the way in which knowledge of a language (linguistic competence) is used to send a message. The three basic ways of delivering a message linguistically are speech, writing, and sign language." Text-to-World: Everywhere we go, we can see the delivery system of language being used in many different ways fo communication between people.



Synchrony (Chapter 1)
"Is the connection and relationship between two or more things that occur at the same time." Text-to-self: A lot of the times, I find myself using my hands as I speak as if it is in synch.

Ingressive Sounds (Chapter 2)
"Are speech sounds that are produced by sucking air into the mouth" Text-to-self: When I think of this, I think about how I see people breathe in before speaking, as well as in myself.



Egressive Sounds (Chapter 2)
"Are produced by expelling air from the lungs" Text-to-self: We let out a gasp of air when done speaking.



Aspiration (Chapter 2)
"Is the amount of air that is produced upon the release of a stop"



Tense Vowels (Chapter 2)
"Are produced with more tension and more constriction of the vocal tract than lax vowels; they are usually longer duration"



Emic (Chapter 3)
"Refers to categories and concepts that have meaning to the people being studied. An emic study attempts to discover what things have meaning to the people being studied"



Free Variation (Chapter 3)
"Is a condition in which phonetically different sounds (phonemes or allophones) may occur in the same environment without changing the meaning"

Text-to-self: At times I find myself pronouncing words differently than others. For example, saying cara-mel or cara-mal, or saying tom-ato or to-mahto.

Sources: Rowe, Bruce M.& Levine, D. P. (2012). //A concise introduction to linguistics// (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.